An ejection seat is a special device for emergency evacuation of a crew from an aircraft (LA) in an emergency situation. It is used in military and civil aviation, as well as in other areas where it is necessary to ensure the safety of pilots and passengers. For the reliable and trouble-free operation of such systems, high-strength materials are used that can withstand extreme loads. One of these is precision alloy 40KHNM with specified elastic properties. This article will consider the role of this material in ejection mechanisms and its importance for aviation safety.
Ejecting stages
The ejection process includes several key steps that take place in a matter of seconds:
- Deciding to eject — the pilot or automatic system makes a decision to eject based on an analysis of the situation.
- Preparing for ejection — the ejection seat mechanism is activated, including the parachute and stabilizers.
- Expulsion from the cabin — using a pyrotechnic charge or other mechanism, the seat is ejected from the aircraft cabin in a split second.
- Flight stabilization — the parachute opens automatically, stabilizing the chair's trajectory and preventing uncontrolled rotation or falling.
- Soft landing — the seat falls smoothly on a parachute, allowing the pilot to safely land or splash down.
The installation of ejection seats in aircraft has significantly improved the safety of crews and passengers in emergency situations, such as fire, engine failure, loss of control and other emergency circumstances.
The principle of operation of an ejection seat
Ejecting seats are equipped with a number of systems, each of which is needed to safely leave the aircraft:
- Emission system — when activated, the seat is ejected from the cabin by triggering a pyrotechnic charge or other mechanism, which allows you to quickly leave the aircraft.
- Parachute system — after the seat is ejected, it automatically opens the parachute, ensuring a soft landing or landing.
- Stabilization and control systems — some ejection seats are additionally equipped with stabilizers to control the flight direction after ejection.
The ejection process takes only a few seconds, so each system must operate within a specified time so that a passenger, pilot or other crew member can safely eject from aircraft.
The role of cold-rolled strip in ejection mechanisms
Cold-rolled tape made of high-strength materials is used in several key components of ejected seats:
- Power transmission in pyromechanisms — pyromechanisms create pressure to eject the seat from the cabin. The tape transfers mechanical energy from pyrotechnic devices to the mechanical elements of the system. It must withstand heavy loads and temperature fluctuations.
- Depreciation and stabilization — the tape is used in damper systems, reducing the shock loads that occur when the chair is ejected. This reduces the impact force transmitted to the pilot, minimizes vibrations and stabilizes the flight path.
- Parachute opening control — in the mechanisms of operation of parachute systems, parts made of cold-rolled tape ensure the accuracy and timeliness of their operation.
Each component of the system must operate as accurately and reliably as possible to minimize risks and ensure pilot safety in the most extreme conditions.
Pyromechanisms: design and principle of operation
Pyromechanisms are devices that use the energy of powder gases or other chemical reactions to perform mechanical tasks, such as ejecting a chair or activating a parachute system. They are widely used in various fields, including military equipment, aviation, astronautics and other industries.
Pyromechanism design
Pyromechanisms consist of several main components:
- housing — protects the internal elements of the pyromechanism from external influences. It is made of durable materials such as steel or aluminum.
- Charge — a source of energy for creating gas pressure or other chemical reaction. The charge may include gunpowder or other explosives.
- Igniter — initiates a charge reaction. It can be electrical, mechanical or chemical.
- Deflation charge — in some pyromechanisms it is used to eject the seat from the cabin. It can be installed inside or outside the case.
- Mechanical elements — include pistons, valves, springs and other parts that perform mechanical tasks in the pyromechanism.
The principle of operation
The principle of operation of the pyromechanism is based on the use of energy from powder gases or other chemical reactions to create pressure that leads to the movement of mechanical elements.
- Initiation — the igniter initiates a charge reaction, which leads to the formation of powder gases.
- Generating pressure — powder gases create pressure inside the body, acting on mechanical elements.
- Moving mechanical elements — under the influence of pressure, the elements of the mechanism move, performing the task for which the pyromechanism is intended.
- Executing a task — mechanical elements perform their task, for example, tighten the waist and shoulder belts, securely securing the pilot, and throw the seat out of the cockpit.
- Cooling — after completing the task, the pyromechanism cools down and returns to its original state.
Strict requirements are imposed on ejection systems: high reliability, uninterrupted operation and full automation of the process. Compliance with these conditions makes it possible to guarantee the safety of crew and passengers in emergency situations.
Material for making pyromechanism springs
40KHNM precision alloy is a high-strength material used for manufacturing elastic elements, including pyromechanism springs. It has a number of unique properties that make it ideal for use in ejection mechanisms:
- High strength — allows you to withstand heavy loads without deformation or destruction, which is especially important for pyromechanism springs that are exposed to significant mechanical and thermal effects.
- Firmness — provides a quick restoration of shape and a return to its original state after the load is removed. It is necessary for the accurate and efficient operation of pyromechanisms.
- Wear resistance — increases the service life of system components, which reduces the cost of replacing worn parts and increases the reliability of pyromechanisms.
- Corrosion resistance — makes the 40KHNM alloy suitable for conditions of high humidity and aggressive chemical environments, which increases the life of springs and reduces the risk of failures.
- Positioning accuracy mechanical elements are important for the proper functioning of pyromechanisms. It provides increased accuracy and reliability of devices.
The St. Petersburg Precision Alloy Plant produces cold rolled strip stamps 40KHNM of various sizes. Due to its characteristics, this material is widely used in the aviation industry, especially in devices operating in emergency conditions.
At PZPS, you can buy not only 40KHNM alloy, but also buy cold-rolled strip of other brands in accordance with GOST, in particular, nichrome strip X20N80. For more information on products et services please contact sales department or leave application on the site. The plant's specialists will contact you as soon as possible.
