In the first material about this alloy (recall that steel considers of carbon, gland and other metals in different proportions), four main groups of steel (carbon steel, alloy steel, stainless steel and tool steel) were considered.
In fact, there are much more varieties of steel, because this metal has more than three and a half thousand grades, which are also divided into types according to their purpose, quality and degree of deoxidation.
constructive — used in mechanical engineering, in construction when creating welded metal structures, and for the construction of utility networks;
instrumented — irreplaceable in the manufacture of cutting, measuring and stamping tools;
special assignments — structural alloyed alloys with special properties — acid-resistant, heat-resistant, heat-resistant, with high electrical resistance.
common steels — only unalloyed grades; the amount of sulfur (S) in the alloy should not exceed 0.06%, phosphorus (P) — 0.07%;
high quality — can be either unalloyed or alloyed (S — no more than 0.04%, P — up to 0.04%);
high quality — may also be unalloyed and alloyed (sulfur up to 0.02%, phosphorus — 0.03%);
especially high quality — only alloyed ones obtained by electroslag or electric arc remelting; contain a minimum of harmful impurities (S — no more than 0.15%, P — up to 0.025%).
Deoxidation is the process when oxygen is removed from an alloy (this element causes the material to break down during high-temperature deformations). According to the degree of deoxidation, steels are divided into:
boiling — as the alloy hardens, gases are released that simulate the boiling of the composition. In this case, manganese is used for deoxidation. Low-carbon grades usually fall into this category. They are unloaded from the furniture almost immediately after the deoxidizers are added. In some cases, the melt is deoxidized in a ladle. Boiling alloys are used to produce large-section rolled products, which are then melted into higher quality material or hot-deformed to produce rolled products of smaller cross-section sizes;
semi-calm — only carbon, with good ductility. Manganese and aluminum are used to deoxidize them;
tranquil — high-quality alloyed grades; manganese, silicon, and aluminum are used for deoxidation. Almost all of the oxygen in these alloys is bound by deoxidizers formed as a result of oxidative reactions, rises to the top and is removed along with the slag. The melt is cooled and is not accompanied by the release of gases.
Of course, the full classification of steels is something broader than that given in this and previous materials. For example, alloy steels and alloys are also divided by type of structure, and structural steels are usually divided into construction steels, cold-forged steels, cemented steels, spring-spring, and others. However, knowing the basics and understanding the differences between metal types will help you choose the best material for your future project.
St. Petersburg Precision Alloy Plant produces materials to the highest standards, and by choosing us as your partner, you can be sure that you will receive strong and durable metal. Regardless of the industry or order size, PZPS can produce the right type of steel for your business.
